VETT 1440 - Clinical Pathology 1-Lecture

Credit Hours: 2.00

Objectives:

1. Define various terms related to hematology, urinalysis, and parasitology.
2. Define the role of the veterinary technician in laboratory testing.
3. Name the three components of blood.
4. List and explain the steps in serum sample preparation.
5. List and describe the common anticoagulants used in veterinary medicine.
6. Describe the factors influencing test results for hematology samples.
7. List and explain the causes of hemolysis and lipemia.
8. Understand the importance of sample volume when collecting blood samples.
9. Understand the significance of time and temperature regarding blood samples.
10. Identify the importance of labeling procedures when collecting blood, urine or stool samples.
11. Recognize different blood collection tubes by the color of their top.
12. Describe the common collection sites for venous blood sampling.
13. List and describe the steps in making a blood smear.
14. Describe the four areas of the blood smear.
15. Identify white blood cells by using size, cytoplasm, and nucleus characteristics.
16. Describe the two types of anemia.
17. Describe the function of erythrocytes.
18. List the main categories of red blood cell abnormalities.
19. List and describe the three mechanisms of hemostasis.
20. List and describe the four techniques for urine sample collection.
21. Explain the guidelines for preservation of a urine sample.
22. Explain the three portions of the urinalysis.
23. List and describe the common constituents of a urine sediment.
24. Identify what part of the urinary tract each type of epithelial cell is derived from.
25. Describe the formation of casts, and their clinical significance.
26. Describe the clinical significance of the presence of bacteria in a urine sample.
27. Describe the clinical significance of the presence of various crystals in a urine sample.
28. List and describe the common parasites found in the urinary system.
29. Describe the difference between incidental, erratic, pseudoparasite, obligate, and facultative parasites.
30. Describe the three types of parasite hosts.
31. Describe the two types of parasite life cycles, and know which type each of the common parasites has.
32. Describe the three categories of parasite transmission.
33. List the harmful effects of parasites.
34. List the classifications of various parasites.
35. Know the genus species of common small animal parasites.
36. List the three categories of common intestinal parasites.
37. Know the prepatent period for the common parasites of the small animal.
38. Describe the clinical signs of various types of parasite infections.
39. Describe the treatment and prevention of common parasites.
40. Know which parasites are zoonotic, and how they are transmitted.
41. Describe the appearance under the microscope of common intestinal and blood parasites.
42. Describe the appearance in stool of common intestinal parasites.
43. List and describe the common parasitic insects, their treatment and prevention.

Outcome B: Upon completion of this course, students will list common tests in each area, and their clinical significance.

Objectives:

1. List and describe what is included in the complete blood count.
2. Explain the steps involved in a differential blood count.
3. Describe the technique for counting white blood cells using the hemocytometer method.
4. Understand how to perform a corrected white blood cell count.
5. List common tests used to evaluate the erythron.
6. List and explain the steps for performing a hematocrit.
7. List and describe the layers of the hematocrit tube.
8. Identify the environmental and disease factors that influence the hematocrit.
9. Explain the significance of a hemoglobin test.
10. Describe how to determine hemoglobin estimation from the hematocrit.
11. Describe how to determine red blood cell count estimation from the hematocrit.
12. Explain how to determine MCV, MCH, and MCHC.
13. List the steps involved in performing a coagulation time determination, bleeding time, capillary tube test, and a Lee White test.
14. Explain the steps involved in measuring urine specific gravity, using a refractometer and a urinometer.
15. List and describe the common components of a reagent strip test.
16. List the urine pH for various species.
17. List and describe the causes of proteinuria, glucosuria, ketosis, hematuria, hemoglobinuria, and bilirubinuria.
18. Identify possible causes of increased amounts of blood, cells, and crystals in a urine sediment.

Outcome C: Upon completion of this course, students will identify steps involved with quality control of laboratory equipment used and procedures performed.

Objectives:

1. Define accuracy, precision, and reliability.
2. List and explain the three types of errors common to all systems.
3. List the common error factors seen when performing a white blood cell count using a hemocytometer.

1. Hematology
2. Urinalysis
3. Parasitology