PTAS 1160 - Kinesiology-Laboratory

Credit Hours: 1.50

Objectives: The student will:

1. Identify major anatomical structures on laboratory models of the spine and extremities.
2. Palpate anatomical structures including tendons, muscle bellies and skeletal landmarks on a classmate
   1. recognize the presence of appropriate muscle mass
3. Demonstrate proper positioning for palpation.
4. Identify innervations of muscles tagged on anatomical models.

Outcome 2: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to demonstrate and describe muscle activity at the major joints of the spine and extremities as it relates to function.

Objectives: The student will:

1. Demonstrate exercises occurring in all 3 planes of motion.
2. Describe compound and isolated exercises using appropriate terminology.
3. Identify concentric and eccentric phases of functional activities while actively performing then, while observing performance and through still pictures.
4. Identify muscle activity occurring at major joints of the spine and extremities while actively performing, observing performance or viewing still pictures.
5. Describe planes of motion occurring during an activity while actively performing or viewing still pictures.

Outcome 3: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to identify biomechanical principles of normal body alignment and functional body mechanics.

Objectives: The student will:

1. Demonstrate proper mechanics for pushing, pulling and lifting.
2. Recognize and describe postural symmetry in standing.
3. Identify abnormal postures with associated muscle imbalances.

Outcome 4: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to describe the components of normal gait and of selected gait abnormalities.

Objectives: The student will:

1. Recognize and evaluate normal gait patterns.
2. Describe gait compensation due to muscle weakness.
3. Demonstrate gait variations used for a biomechanical assessment and explain significance of each gait pattern.

Outcome 5: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to relate principles of biomechanics to management of physical therapy patients.

Objectives: The student will:

1. Understand potential injury patterns that may occur at the major joints of the spine and extremities with abnormal biomechanics.
2. Demonstrate correct use of concentric and eccentric exercises within an established plan of care.
3. Describe positions of stretch and shortening for major muscles of the spine and extremity.
4. Analyze human movement through video and still pictures and identify muscle contractions occurring.

1. Introduction - Practical Aspects of Human Movement
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. analyze human movement through observation of movements, palpation, demonstration of joint movement and demonstration of muscle actions
      2. identify and palpate bony landmarks on the body surface
      3. identify the major joints of the human body
      4. demonstrate joint movements
      5. demonstrate the three types of muscle contractions
      6. explain the basic methods of in analyzing human movements
   2. Specific topics covered:
      1. Analysis of human movement - how to analyze movement
         1. Observations
         2. Palpation
         3. Demonstration of joint movement
         4. Demonstration of muscle actions
      2. Review of surface anatomy and identification of joints
      3. Kinesiological aspects of joint movement
2. Stability and Posture
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. locate the center of gravity and the line of gravity
      2. demonstrate the relationship of the center of gravity to the base of support for stability
      3. analyze the base of support and line of gravity during functional activities
      4. identify muscle actions forth maintaining of normal erect posture
      5. analyze the biomechanical aspects of the body at rest and during functional movements
      6. identify the location of line of gravity for normal stable erect posture
   2. Specific topics covered:
      1. Principles of stability
         1. Base of support
         2. Center of gravity
      2. Analysis of equilibrium (body at rest)
      3. Body alignment and its relationship to stability
      4. Analysis of body in motion
         1. Center of gravity as it related to changing body positions
         2. Muscle action
3. Face and Head
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. identify, palpate and/or mark the appropriate structures
      2. demonstrate the movements
      3. demonstrate and identify the muscle action and palpate the appropriate muscle
      4. identify the location of muscles for selected movement
   2. Special topics covered:
      1. Surface anatomy and structure
      2. Muscle actions and movements
      3. Functional analysis
4. Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. identify, palpate and/or mark the appropriate skeletal structures
      2. demonstrate the joint movements
      3. demonstrate the muscle actions and palpate the appropriate muscle
      4. identify the location of muscle for selected movements and identify its actions
      5. identify the plane and axis of the movement
      6. identify gross manual muscle testing procedures
      7. analyze functional movement s
   2. Specific topics covered:
      1. Surface anatomy and skeletal structures
      2. Location and outline of muscles
      3. Movements and muscle actions
      4. Functional analysis
5. Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. identify, palpate and/or mark the appropriate skeletal structures
      2. demonstrate the joint movements
      3. demonstrate the muscle actions and palpate the appropriate muscle
      4. identify the location of muscle for selected movements and identify its actions
      5. identify the plane and axis of the movement
      6. analyze functional movement s
   2. Selected topics covered:
      1. Surface anatomy and skeletal structures
      2. Location and outline of muscle
      3. Movements and muscle actions
      4. Functional analysis
6. Thorax
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. identify, palpate and/or mark the appropriate skeletal structures
      2. demonstrate thoracic movements and biomechanical aspects of thoracic movements as it relates to respiration.
      3. demonstrate the biomechanical aspects of abdominal movement as it related to respiration
      4. demonstrate the muscle actions
      5. demonstrates the biomechanical aspects of thoracic and abdominal movements in force and stressful respirations.
   2. Specific topics covered:
      1. Surface anatomy and skeletal structures
      2. Location and outline of muscles
      3. Movements and muscle actions
      4. Biomechanics of respiration
      5. Anatomical - physiological relationship
7. Spine and Trunk
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. identify, palpate and/or mark the appropriate skeletal structures
      2. demonstrate the joint movements
      3. demonstrate the muscle actions and palpate the appropriate muscle
      4. identify the location of muscle for selected movements and identify its actions
      5. identify the plane and axis of the movement
      6. analyze functional movements
   2. Specific topics covered:
      1. Surface anatomy and skeletal structures
      2. Location and outline of muscles
      3. Movements and muscle actions
      4. Functional analysis
8. Pelvic Girdle and Hip
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. identify, palpate and/or mark the appropriate skeletal structures
      2. demonstrate the joint movements
      3. demonstrate the muscle actions and palpate the appropriate muscle
      4. identify the location of muscle for selected movements and identify its actions
      5. identify the plane and axis of the movement
      6. identify gross manual muscle testing procedures
      7. analyze functional movements
   2. Special topics covered:
      1. Surface anatomy and skeletal structures
      2. Location and outline of muscle
      3. Movements and muscle actions
      4. Functional analysis
9. Knee, Ankle, and Foot
   1. Objective – the student will be able to:
      1. identify, palpate and/or mark the appropriate skeletal structures
      2. demonstrate the joint movements
      3. demonstrate the muscle actions and palpate the appropriate muscle
      4. identify the location of muscle for selected movements and identify its actions
      5. identify the plane and axis of the movement
      6. analyze functional movements
   2. Special topics covered:
      1. Surface anatomy and skeletal structures
      2. Location and outline of muscle
      3. Movements and muscle actions
      4. Gross manual muscle tests
      5. Functional analysis
10. Gait
    1. Objectives the student will be able to:
       1. locate the center of gravity and line of gravity
       2. demonstrate the relationship of the center of gravity at normal gait
       3. demonstrate and explain the gait cycle
       4. demonstrate and explain the basic phases of gait
       5. demonstrate the appropriate joint movements
       6. demonstrate and explain the muscle actions during normal gait
    2. Special topics covered:
       1. Center of gravity and base of support
       2. Gait cycle and phases of gait
       3. Joint movement in gait
          1. Head and neck
          2. Trunk
          3. Pelvis
          4. Extremities
       4. Muscle actions
       5. Functional analysis