VETT 1021 - Comparative Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians- Lecture

Credit Hours: 4.00

Objectives: 

1. Identify common prefixes, word roots, and suffixes associated with all body systems. 
2. Describe each of the positioning terms as they relate to all species.  
3. Describe anatomical structures with the proper positioning terms. 
4. Describe specific conditions with appropriate and proper medical terminology. 

Outcome 2: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to explain the anatomy of common domestic species. 

Objectives: 

1. Describe the structure and function of the cell. 
2. Describe the phases of mitosis.  
3. Describe the structure, function, and location of epithelial and connective tissue in the body. . 
4. Describe each of the major organ systems of the common domestic species, including musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, digestive system, reproductive system, sensory organs, nervous system, endocrine system, hematopoietic, lymphatic, and immune systems. 

Musculoskeletal system

1. Identify all bones of the skeleton of common domestic species. 
2. Describe the equine terms for joints and bones of the distal limb. 
3. Identify species variations in bones present in common domestic species. 
4. Identify the muscles of respirations. 
5. Identify common intramuscular injection sites of the common domestic species.  
6. Compare and contrast different types of joints and correlate them with the appropriate joints of common domestic species. 

Nervous system 

1. Identify the structures of the brain and spinal cord. 
2.  Identify the structures of the neuron. 

Special sense 

1. Identify the structures of the ear. 
2. Identify the structures of the eye. 
3. Identify the structures involved in olfaction, taste, and pain perception. 
4. Describe the nociceptive pathway.  

Integument 

1. Identify the layers and structures of skin. 
2. Identify the structures of the equine hoof. 
3. Identify the structures of the bovine horn. 
4. Identify the structures of the feline and canine claw. 

Immunity and hematopoietic organs 

1.  Identify blood cells.  
2.  Identify the most common white blood cells in each of the common domestic species. 

Lymphatic system 

1. Identify the major lymphatic organs. 
2. Identify the peripheral lymph nodes of common domestic species. 

Cardiovascular system

1. Identify the structures of the heart 
2. Identify major blood vessels of the common domestic species. 
3. Identify fetal cardiac bypass structures. 
4. Identify arteries commonly used to obtain the pulse of common domestic species. 
5. Identify the veins utilized to draw blood of common domestic species. 

Respiratory 

1. Identify structures of the respiratory tract  

Gastrointestinal system

1. Compare and contrast the structures of the three types of digestive systems: ruminants, hind gut fermenters, and monogastrics. 
2. Identify the organs of the digestive tract.  

Urinary system 

1. Identify the structures of the urinary tract. 
2. Identify the microscopic structures of the kidney. 

Reproductive system 

1. Compare and contrast the four different estrous cycles of common domestic species.  
2. Identify the primary organs of the reproductive system. 
3. Identify which accessory sex organs are present in the males of each of the common domestic species. 
4. Identify the type of placenta for each of the common domestic species. 

Outcome 3: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to summarize the functions of the structures of all major organ systems in the body of common domestic species. 

Objectives: 
Musculoskeletal system

1. Discuss the function of respiratory muscles. 
2. Differentiate between internal and external respiration.  

Nervous system 

1. Describe the process of electrical impulse conduction in a nerve. 
2. Differentiate the functions of the major structures of the brain. 
3. Compare and contrast excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. 

Special senses 

1. Discuss the function of structures involved in hearing. 
2. Discuss the functions of the structures of the eye as they pertain to sight. 

Endocrine system 

1. Identify the affector and effector organs of the endocrine system and their location in the body. 

Integument 

1. Discuss the functions of skin and accessory integument organs.  

Immunity and hematopoietic organs 

1. Discuss the immune functions of white blood cells. 
2. Describe the process of hemostasis. 
3. Describe the function of red blood cells. 
4. Compare and contrast specific and non-specific immunity. 

Lymphatic 

1. Describe the formation and flow of lymph. 
2. Compare and contrast the functions of the major lymphatic organs. 

Cardiovascular 

1. Describe the flow of blood in the cardiovascular system of an adult animal. 
2. Describe the flow of blood in the cardiovascular system of a fetus.  

Respiratory 

1. Describe the function of the major structures of respiration. 
2. Compare and contrast external and internal respiration. 

Gastrointestinal 

1. Discuss the functions of the structures of the gastrointestinal tract. 
2. Compare and contrast the three types of digestive systems: ruminants, hind, gut fermenters and monogastrics. 
3. Discuss the exocrine function of the pancreas. 
4. Describe the four main functions of the liver. 

Urinary system 

1. Describe the formation of urine in the kidney. 
2. Discuss the function of the urinary system organs. 

Reproductive system 

1. Compare and contrast the four different estrous cycles of common domestic species.  
2. Discuss the ovarian cycle. 
3. Discuss the stages of parturition. 
4. Discuss the process of breeding and ovum fertilization. 

• Communication: The graduate can communicate effectively for the intended purpose and audience.
• Critical Thinking: The graduate can make informed decisions after analyzing information or evidence related to the issue.
• Global Literacy: The graduate can analyze human behavior or experiences through cultural, social, political, or economic perspectives.
• Information Literacy: The graduate can responsibly use information gathered from a variety of formats in order to complete a task.
• Quantitative Reasoning: The graduate can apply quantitative methods or evidence to solve problems or make judgments.
• Scientific Literacy: The graduate can produce or interpret scientific information presented in a variety of formats.

1. Medical terminology; positioning terms 
2. Cells and tissues 
3. Musculoskeletal system 
4. Respiratory system 
5. Cardiovascular system 
6. Digestive system
7. Urinary system 
8. Reproductive system 
9. Sensory organs  
10. Nervous system 
11. Endocrine system 
12. Hematopoietic, Lymphatic and Immune systems