NURS 2346 - Childhood Nursing A

Credit Hours: 2.00

1. The student can analyze and apply the critical components of evidence‐based nursing practice.

Course Outcome 1: The student can analyze evidence‐based practice for pediatric patients with acute and chronic health problems.

Course Objectives:

1. The student will analyze and apply evidence-based nursing care for the child with fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
2. The student will analyze and apply evidence-based nursing care for the child with genitourinary alterations.
3. The student will analyze and apply evidence-based nursing care for the child with respiratory alterations.
4. The student will analyze and apply evidence-based nursing care for the child with integumentary system alterations.
5. The student will analyze and apply evidence-based nursing care for the child with impaired immune responses.
6. The student will analyze and apply evidence-based nursing care for the child with gastrointestinal alterations.
7. The student will analyze and apply evidence-based nursing care for the toddler, preschool, and school‐age child.

Program Outcome/Student Learning Outcome:

2. The student can recognize quality improvement strategies as an integral component of nursing practice.

Course Outcome 2: The student can identify quality improvement measures and national patient safety resources for pediatric patients with acute and chronic health problems.

Course Objectives:

1. The student will analyze and apply quality improvement/ nursing strategies in the care of the child with fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
2. The student will analyze and apply quality improvement/ nursing strategies in the care of the child with genitourinary alterations.
3. The student will analyze and apply quality improvement/ nursing strategies in the care of the child with respiratory alterations.
4. The student will analyze and apply quality improvement/ nursing strategies in the care of the child with integumentary system alterations.
5. The student will analyze and apply quality improvement/ nursing strategies in the care of the child with impaired immune responses.
6. The student will analyze and apply quality improvement/ nursing strategies in the care of the child with gastrointestinal alterations.
7. The student will analyze and apply developmental theories and nursing strategies in the care of the toddler, preschool, and school‐age child.

• Communication: The graduate can communicate effectively for the intended purpose and audience.
• Critical Thinking: The graduate can make informed decisions after analyzing information or evidence related to the issue.
• Global Literacy: The graduate can analyze human behavior or experiences through cultural, social, political, or economic perspectives.
• Information Literacy: The graduate can responsibly use information gathered from a variety of formats in order to complete a task.
• Quantitative Reasoning: The graduate can apply quantitative methods or evidence to solve problems or make judgments.
• Scientific Literacy: The graduate can produce or interpret scientific information presented in a variety of formats.

1. The Child with Fluid and Electrolyte Alterations
   1. Nursing assessment of fluid and electrolyte balance in infants and children
   2. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances in the child
      1. Edema
      2. Dehydration
   3. Acid-base imbalances in the child
      1. Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis
      2. Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis
   4. Therapeutic management of imbalances resulting from gastrointestinal losses
      1. Oral replacement
      2. IV therapy
      3. Total parenteral nutrition
2. Nursing Strategies for the Toddler
   1. Developmental challenges
   2. Developmental milestones
   3. Psychosocial and psychosexual development
   4. Cognitive and moral development
   5. Injury prevention and health promotion
3. The Child with Genitourinary Health Deviations
   1. Defects of the genitourinary tract
      1. Hypospadias, epispadias
      2. Cryptorchidism
      3. Hydrocele
   2. Acquired problems in urine elimination
      1. Urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis
      2. Vesicoureteral reflux
   3. Alteration in urine filtration
      1. Nephrotic syndrome
      2. Acute and chronic kidney disease
      3. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
4. Nursing Strategies for the Preschool Child
   1. Developmental challenges
   2. Developmental milestones
   3. Psychosocial and psychosexual development
   4. Cognitive and moral development
   5. Injury prevention and health promotion
5. The Child with Respiratory Health Deviations
   1. Assessment of respiratory function in children
   2. Noninfectious problems
      1. Infant apnea and apparent life-threatening event (ALTE)
      2. Respiratory distress syndrome
      3. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) / chronic lung disease (CLD)
      4. Cystic fibrosis
      5. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
      6. Epistaxis
      7. Allergic rhinitis
      8. Asthma
   3. Respiratory infections - upper respiratory
      1. Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media
      2. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB), epiglottitis
   4. Respiratory infections - lower respiratory
      1. Bronchitis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), bronchiolitis
      2. Pneumonia
   5. Mechanical and surgical intervention
      1. Intubation and mechanical ventilation
      2. Tonsillitis and tonsillectomy
      3. Tracheostomy care
6. The Child with Immune Health Deviations - Immunodeficiency and Hypersensitivity Reactions
   1. Components of the immune system
      1. Humoral and cellular immune responses
   2. Immunodeficiencies
      1. Primary deficiencies - congenital
         1. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID)
      2. Secondary deficiencies - acquired
         1. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 
         2. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - pediatric/adult
         3. Sepsis
         4. Infectious mononucleosis
   3. Hypersensitivity reactions type I (Ig E - mediated)
      1. Anaphylaxis
      2. Food allergies and food sensitivities
   4. Vaccines Across the Lifespan
      1. Active and passive immunity
   5. Child Protective Services
7. The Child with Gastrointestinal Health Deviations - Bowel Elimination and Nutrition
   1. Nutritional guidelines and childhood obesity
   2. Malabsorptive alterations
      1. Celiac disease
      2. Cystic fibrosis
   3. Congenital malformations
      1. Cleft lip and cleft palate
      2. Esophageal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula
   4. Acquired conditions affecting movement of nutrients
      1. Pyloric stenosis, gastroesophageal reflux, inguinal and umbilical hernias
      2. Ingestion of foreign body - esophageal
      3. Short bowel syndrome
   5. Congenital malformations
      1. Omphalocele, gastroschisis
      2. Anorectal malformations
      3. Hirschsprung Disease
   6. Inflammatory conditions in bowel elimination
      1. Meckel’s diverticulum, appendicitis
      2. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
   7. Obstructive disorders of bowel elimination
      1. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
      2. Intussusception
8. Nursing Strategies for the School-Age Child
   1. Family and peer relationships
   2. Developmental requisites
   3. Biologic and psychosocial development
   4. Cognitive and moral development
   5. Injury prevention and health promotion
9. The Child with Integumentary Health Deviations
   1. Assessment of the integument
   2. Disorders affecting the skin
      1. Diaper dermatitis
      2. Monilial infections
      3. Pediculosis (Lice), Tinea (Ringworm), Mites (Scabies), Seborrheic dermatitis, Cellulitis, Impetigo
      4. Non-infectious skin disorders
      5. Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
      6. Acne vulgaris
      7. Steven-Johnson Syndrome
   3. Burn injuries
      1. Burn wound characteristics
      2. Therapeutic management