Mar 28, 2024  
College Catalog 2021-2022 
    
College Catalog 2021-2022 [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

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PTAS 1070 - Joint Structure & Function-Lecture

Credit Hours: 2.00


Prerequisites: Admission into the Physical Therapist Assistant Program; BIOL 2710  with grade C or better

Corequisites: HHSC 1020  and PTAS 1081  

PTAS 1070 provides the academic framework for the understanding of functional anatomy as related to PTA techniques and skills. Subjects include a study of the major muscle groups, innervations, skeletal anatomy, joint structure, and the relationship of these structures to exercise and functional activity. In addition, the course presents measurement techniques of goniometry and anthropometrics.

Billable Contact Hours: 2

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OUTCOMES AND OBJECTIVES
Outcome 1: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to identify and describe anatomical and movement terminology.

Objectives: The student will:

  1. Identify and describe the anatomical position and functional position of the body.
  2. Name the planes/axes of movement available at each body segment.
  3. Identify and define the terms of anatomical reference as they relate to comparing one body part to another and the body in space.
  4. Define and describe the terms of body movements.
  5. Spell all anatomical terms correctly.
  6. Define and describe osteokinematics.

Outcome 2: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to define and describe types of connective tissue, joint classifications, nervous system plexus and muscle type.

Objectives: The student will:

  1. Define connective tissue and describe its function.
  2. Describe specifically  types of fibrous tissue including collagen, reticular, and elastin.
  3. Describe general structure and function of bone.
  4. Define anatomical terms specific to the skeletal system.
  5. Define and identify each of the varieties of cartilage including fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, costal cartilage.
  6. Describe the process of joint nutrition and lubrication.
  7. List and define different classifications of joints.
  8. Name and list peripheral joint examples for synarthrodial, amphiarhtrodial, and diarthrodial joints.
  9. Describe the difference between loose‐packed and closed‐packed position of a joint.
  10. Describe the difference between an open and closed kinematic chain.

Outcome 3: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to identify and describe the structure and functional components of the human musculoskeletal system.

Objectives: The student will:

  1. Classify each major joint in the body.
  2. Discuss the function of joints.
  3. Describe kinematic changes that occur in the joint.
  4. Discuss arthrokinematics vs. osteokinematics.
  5. Describe muscle structure.
  6. Define origin, insertion, tendon, fascia, synergist, fixator, accessory, agonist, antagonist.
  7. Define and describe a motor unit.
  8. Describe different types of muscle.
  9. List and describe different arrangements of skeletal muscle.
  10. Describe different types of muscle contractions.
  11. Describe isolated joint motion vs. multi‐joint motions.
  12. Discuss active insufficiency vs. passive insufficiency.
  13. Outline the steps involved in muscle contraction.

Outcome 4: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to relate the principles of anthropometrics and goniometric measurements.

Objectives: The student will:

  1. Relate principles of normal joint motion to restrictions of joint motions.
  2. Identify normal ranges of joint motion for the trunk and extremities.
  3. Identify instruments used for anthropometric and goniometric measurements.
  4. Describe the role of goniometry and patient examination
  5. Describe methods of accurately recording measurements
  6. Describe the indications for the use of antropometrics measurements including: height, weight, length, and girth.
  7. Describe the role of the PTA in measurement and data collection.

Outcome 5: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to define and describe major body segments.

Objectives: The student will:

  1. Describe the difference between axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
  2. Name and locate specific structures of the skeleton for: spine, shoulder complex, elbow‐forearm complex, wrist‐hand complex, hip‐pelvis complex, knee and ankle‐foot complex.
  3.  List peripheral joint examples of all types of diarhtrodial joints.
  4. List and descrobe all structures of each axial or peripheral joint.
  5. Define and list examples of osteokinematics at each diarthrodal joint
  6. Name and list important ligaments of each joint.
  7. List and describe primary actions for all major muscle groups of the extremities and trunk.
  8. Identify peripheral nerve innervation for all major muscle groups of the extremities and trunk.

Outcome 6: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to access information related to musculoskeletal pathology via Internet or paper-based media resources.

Objectives: The student will:

  1. Through abstract presentation define and describe basic structural pathologies of the trunk.
  2. Through abstract presentation define and describe basic structural pathologies of the extremities.

COMMON DEGREE OUTCOMES (CDO)
• Communication: The graduate can communicate effectively for the intended purpose and audience.
• Critical Thinking: The graduate can make informed decisions after analyzing information or evidence related to the issue.
• Global Literacy: The graduate can analyze human behavior or experiences through cultural, social, political, or economic perspectives.
• Information Literacy: The graduate can responsibly use information gathered from a variety of formats in order to complete a task.
• Quantitative Reasoning: The graduate can apply quantitative methods or evidence to solve problems or make judgments.
• Scientific Literacy: The graduate can produce or interpret scientific information presented in a variety of formats.

CDO marked YES apply to this course:
Critical Thinking: YES
Information Literacy: YES
Scientific Literacy: YES

COURSE CONTENT OUTLINE
 

  1. Introduction to Anatomical Terms
    1. Anatomical position
    2. Anatomical planes and axes
    3. Anatomical terms of reference
    4. Osteokinematics
    5. Anatomical terminology for joint position
  2. Joint Structure and Function
    1. Connective tissue
      1. Cells
      2. Matrix
      3. Classification
    2. Osteology
      1. General features and functions of bone
      2. Mechanical properties of bone
      3. General features of cartilage
  3. Joint Classifications and Selected Joint Movements
    1. Types of joints
    2. Role of synovial fluid, cartilage, etc in joints
    3. Definition of arthrokinematics and osteokinematics
    4. Blood supply to joints and synovial fluid
  4. Muscle Structure and Function (Myology)
    1. Introduction to movement
    2. Characteristics of muscle
    3. Structure of muscle
    4. Types of muscle
    5. Classification of muscles by arrangement of fibers
    6. Actions, origins, insertions and innervations of muscle
    7. Physiological mechanism of muscle contraction
  5. Goniometric and Anthropometric Measurements
  6. Identify the Role of the PTA as Related to Measurement Techniques and Documentation
    1. Segmental length
    2. Lower extremity limb length
    3. Upper extremity limb length
    4. Volume of extremities
    5. Girth measurements
    6. Goniometry
  7. General Pathologies
    1. Genu varum/valgum
    2. Coxa valga/vara
    3. Scoliosis
    4. Retroversion/anteversion
    5. Postural abnormalities
    6. Nervous system pathologies (general)
  8. Topographical Discussion of Major Body Segments
    1. Shoulder joint
      1. Motions
      2. Skeletal anatomy
      3. Capsule, ligaments and bursa
      4. Major muscles and innervations
      5. Brachial plexus
      6. Axiliary triangle
    2. Shoulder girdle
      1. Joints
      2. Motions
      3. Skeletal anatomy
      4. Ligaments
      5. Major muscles and innervations
    3. Elbow complex
      1. Joints
      2. Motions
      3. Skeletal anatomy
      4. Ligaments
      5. Muscles and innervations
      6. Bursa
    4. Wrist and hand
      1. Joints
      2. Motions
      3. Skeletal anatomy
      4. Ligaments
      5. Muscles and innervations
    5. Thorax and spine
      1. Joints
      2. Motions
      3. Skeletal anatomy
      4. Ligaments
      5. Muscles and innervations
    6. Pelvis/ hip
      1. Joints
      2. Motions
      3. Skeletal anatomy
      4. Ligaments
      5. Muscles and innervations
      6. Bursa
      7. Femoral triangle
    7. Knee
      1. Joints
      2. Motions
      3. Skeletal anatomy
      4. Ligaments
      5. Muscles and innervations
      6. Popliteal fossa
      7. Bursae
    8. Ankle/foot
      1. Joints
      2. Motions
      3. Skeletal anatomy
      4. Ligaments
      5. Muscles and innervations
      6. Bursa

Primary Faculty
Plisner, Carol
Secondary Faculty
Mele, Robert
Associate Dean
Primeau, Paula
Dean
Mirijanian, Narine



Official Course Syllabus - Macomb Community College, 14500 E 12 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48088



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