OTAS 2350 - Productive Aging-Lab Lecture

Credit Hours: 2.00

Outcomes and Objectives: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to demonstrate acquired competency through:

1. Describe and analyze the physical, emotional, and social problems related to the aging process and the impact to occupational performance in the elderly.
   1. Relate the factors of environment, social and financial that influence performance and occupational roles of the aging population.
   2. Relate the challenges of the aging process and the impact to function.
   3. Relate and compare the considerations of aging in place and chronic conditions, including physical, psychosocial and cognitive function.
   4. Relate the relationship of ethnicity/culture, context and purposeful activity for geriatric intervention.
   5. Relate the impact of sensory changes and impairment to function with the elderly.
   6. Relate and describe signs and symptoms of elder abuse and neglect and the role of the OT practitioner.
   7. Compare and contrast the settings of OT intervention with aging populations.
2. Analyze and apply occupational therapy intervention techniques and strategies for aging clients and their relationship to occupational performance and wellness/health promotion.
   1. Analyze data gathering and clinical reasoning with planning intervention for occupational performance areas.
   2. Formulate occupational goals and objectives appropriate for aging clients.
   3. Apply clinical reasoning to the intervention planning process and the relationship to functional tasks as it relates to aging clients.
   4. Distinguish and demonstrate instruction methods for aging clients, including those individuals with sensory and cognitive impairments.
   5. Analyze and demonstrate task breakdown for caregiver instruction and follow through for aging clients with cognitive dysfunction.
   6. Analyze and plan environmental modifications to address productive aging, sensory dysfunction and chronic conditions.
   7. Select, analyze and demonstrate appropriate activities to be used for the aging client that addresses context and areas of occupational performance.
   8. Organize and present community education outreach for aging populations.
   9. Discharge planning
3. Apply basic skill competency with commonly used OT interventions that require consideration with aging clients.
   1. Apply planning and organizing skills to group activities to maximize health promotion and productive aging, engagement and participation with aged populations.
   2. Articulate and apply techniques to enhance community mobility.
      - Public transportation
      - Public access
      - Driver safety and rehabilitation
   3. Apply previous knowledge in the use of feeding techniques, swallowing difficulties, positioning, and the need for referral to other disciplines and the interprofessional team with aging clients.
   4. Apply learned principles and skill in organizing and documenting an interprofessional dining program to enable feeding/eating and training of caregivers in precautions and techniques.
   5. Develop and analyze methods for restraint reduction interventions, restraint free, or restraint reduced environments, and fall prevention.
   6. Relate clinical reasoning in application and integration of preparatory exercise and the relationship to function and wellness with aging clients.
   7. Describe, explain and apply where applicable specialized equipment and supportive medical devices that are utilized in a variety of treatment settings and with the aging population.

1. Factors that influence occupational performance, wellness and participation in occupational roles with the aging population
   1. Theories of aging
      1. Biological
      2. Social
   2. Aging process
      1. Changes
         1. Integumentary
         2. Neuromusculoskeletal
         3. Cardiopulmonary
         4. Immune
         5. Cognition
         6. Sensory
   3. Trends influencing aging
      1. Demographics
   4. Living arrangements and levels of care
      1. Intergenerational and generational cohorts
      2. Independent
      3. Levels of care
         1. Geropsychiatric unit
         2. Inpatient rehabilitation
         3. Adult foster home
         4. Skilled nursing facility
         5. Assisted living
         6. Home health care
         7. Hospice
         8. Adult day care
   5. Environment
      1. Assessment and interventions for environmental barriers
         1. Variety of living settings
   6. Context and culture
      1. Importance of context, family and social connections
      2. Application to intervention, instruction and therapeutic use of self
   7. Financial
      1. Impact to intervention and aging in place
      2. Limited access to healthcare, wants, needs and assistive devices
   8. Definitions and considerations with elder abuse and neglect
   9. Federal regulations and public policy affecting the aged population
      1. Payment and intervention
      2. Skilled and unskilled therapy
      3. Medicare and related regulations
      4. Minimum data set
      5. Prospective payment system
      6. Advocacy
      7. Keeping up with changes
2. Aging and chronic conditions
   1. Stages of aging
   2. Developmental tasks
      1. Aging in place versus disengagement
   3. Aging process and sensory changes
      1. Impact to function and independence
      2. Environmental barriers
   4. Physical
      1. Chronic conditions
      2. Incontinence
         1. Assessment
         2. Intervention s and strategies
   5. Psychosocial and psychiatric conditions
      1. Assessment and intervention considerations
      2. Aspects of aging and myths
         1. Disengagement
         2. Isolation
         3. Grieving
         4. Social engagement
      3. Stressors, losses and emotions
      4. Social support
      5. Physical illness
      6. Learned helplessness
      7. Common mental health disorders in the aged population
         1. Depression
         2. Anxiety
         3. Suicide
         4. Dementia
         5. Substance abuse
            1. Alcohol
            2. Self-medication
         6. Aging with psychosis
         7. Mood disorders
   6. Cognitive
      1. Evaluation and assessment
         1. Normal aging process
         2. Dementia/Alzheimer’s
         3. Client context
      2. Interventions and strategies
         1. Environmental
         2. Client context
         3. Cuing
         4. Task breakdown
      3. Caregiver instruction and training
         1. Support
         2. Respite
         3. Resources
   7. Community mobility
      1. Pedestrian safety
      2. Alternative transportation
      3. Safe driving
         1. Evaluation
         2. Intervention
         3. Outcomes
         4. Resources and programs
   8. Sexuality
      1. Values
      2. Myths
      3. Homosexuality
      4. Age related changes
      5. Sexually transmitted diseases
      6. Health condition effects
         1. Cardiopulmonary
         2. Joint replacements
         3. Arthritis
      7. Role of the OTA
         1. Nursing facilities
         2. Education and counseling
3. Intervention settings
   1. Level of Care
   2. In home
   3. Community care and organizations
   4. Wellness settings
   5. Comparisons
      1. Eden alternative
   6. Interprofessional and team collaboration
   7. Discharge planning
4. Clinical reasoning and intervention planning
   1. Clinical reasoning application
      1. Models of practice
         1. OT practice frame work
         2. Characteristics of maturity
         3. Cognitive disabilities
         4. Model of human occupation
   2. Role of the OT and OTA
   3. Data gathering methods
      1. Screenings
      2. Assessments
         1. Vitals collect ion and application
         2. Case study application and competency skill
      3. Peer and interprofessional collaboration
   4. Formulating goals
   5. Selection of intervention methods and considerations
      1. Premorbid conditions
      2. Chronicity of conditions
      3. Wellness promotion
      4. Aging in place.
      5. Relationship to functional tasks
   6. Instruction methods for the aged, their families and caregivers
      1. Role of the OTA
      2. Considerations of instruction
         1. Changes in family roles
         2. Family resources
         3. Able and willing caregivers
            1. Caregiver stressors
      3. Effective communications
      4. Task breakdown techniques
      5. Instruction techniques for clients
      6. Instruction techniques for caregivers
5. Intervention methods and strategies
   1. Concepts of health and wellness in OT practice with aging populations
      1. Prevention and health promotion
      2. Role of the OTA
   2. Selection of activities based on context and functional needs
   3. Environmental modifications
   4. Group application and organization
   5. Abuse and neglect of the aged client
      1. Types
      2. Signs and symptoms
      3. Able and willing caregivers
   6. Wellness promotion
      1. Eden alternative
         1. Principles
         2. Empowering clients and staff
      2. Feeding and eating needs
         1. Swallowing issues
         2. Assistive devices
         3. Interprofessional team and training others
         4. Precautions and contraindications
         5. Role of the OT and OTA
         6. Consult with other disciplines ie, speech, nursing, physicians, radiology
         7. Dining program
            1. Purpose and needs assessments
            2. Elements of programs
            3. Interprofessional team approach
   7. Restraint reduction methods and interventions for restraint free or reduced environments
      1. Omnibus Reconciliation Act
      2. Establishing a restrain reduction program
      3. Role of OT/OTA
      4. Interventions
         1. Environmental adaptations
         2. Psychosocial approaches
         3. Activity alternatives
      5. Communications and interprofessional approaches
   8. Fall prevention
      1. Risk factors
         1. Environmental
         2. Biological
         3. Cognitive and psychosocial
         4. Functional
      2. Evaluation and assessment
      3. Interventions
      4. Outcomes
   9. Exercise and the aged population
      1. Types
         1. Prescribed
         2. Tai chi
         3. Yoga
         4. Pilates
      2. Purpose
      3. Relationship to function
      4. Application to case study and competency skill
6. The medical intervention environment
   1. Medications and function
      1. Polypharmacy
      2. Aging process
      3. Assessing self-medication
         1. Client factors
         2. Activity demands
      4. Strategies and assistive aids
   2. Specialized medical and supportive equipment
   3. Human patient simulator learning activity
   4. Role of the OT clinician